Structural Design of a Business Jet Winglet

Structural sizing of a winglet for the Falcon 10 was performed and is presented here. The aerodynamic profile of the winglet was taken from a previous study, which predicted an increase in range of 3.3% with an estimated weight increase of 52 kg. An investigation of the current structure layouts and materials used in the industry was conducted. Six loading cases were analyzed to identify the most critical for the winglet, found to be negative and positive sideslip and gust. A finite element model was developed and used to size the structure. A fabrication process and assembly is described and the weight was estimated to be 22.5 kg which is less than the estimated weight. Thus the performance of the aircraft will be increased

Advances on the Simplification of Sine–Cosine Equations

AbstractIn this paper we contribute several results to the approach initiated by Hommel and Kovács (well documented with applications in a recent book by Kovács (1993)) on the symbolic simplification of sine–cosine polynomials that arise, for instance, as determining equations for joint values in robotics inverse kinematic problems. We present, taking into consideration for the first time sine–cosine polyomials, fast algorithms for the functional decomposition and factorization problems, reducing the solving of suchs–cequations to a sequence of lower degree ones. Moreover, we show that triangularization of a given sine–cosine equation provides a conceptual understanding of the conditions that yield extraneous roots in the half-angle tangent substitution (and therefore that imply a reduction of the degree in the determining equation of a givens–csystem)